Muisca skapa

Bat teliz va skapa ke Muisca pimtar. Muisca sane tiyir taneaf irubasik ke Cundiboyacá azekexa koe ronefa rodega iste refa Kolombia. Kuluca ke inafa skapa isu kazafa rotirapa gan patectolikeem ke gola zo grupeyed aze gan espanaf olgalicusik zo pimtayad. Espanik va kawot kaaneyayad : i va moava is smilk is beba is dilgava is lut.

Skapa ke Muisca tiyir mivumafa gu eksaracka va dzal tuke abdufise ckane ke miduropa moe tawetc. Kazabolk guyundeckeyer nume va moava is bruxa is birabenev is mufa is ar tapegaf warzeks pu ticef runt ke Muisca selt voxis jadifa sanelia dafuyur. Dolexo ba balemka ok anyustka koe gedrafo xo ke Muisca abdigalda dilizeyed, isen aptafo dolexo bal jora zo grustayad edje dolekik ilu Andes rodega va doleks gu Muisca saneik ikadigiyid.

Valey tawamidura, Muisca saneik va konaka yambinda voneyed, malsaveson va taneugot vindan do vegungafe sane. Moavaxa is nela kum tumbaga vangluyaks epuyuna gan Muisca saneik tid sposafa. Lioza is lay is kiltafa dona gan Muisca ayikya zo epuyud aze gu vodaxa is bwaf ilt is kiltaxama talkoron zo ikaziliyid. Muisca tiyir antafe sane ke geefa Amerika digise va ageltucaf moavaf talolk yoltkiraf gu tejuelo.

Kawafa savera tiyir zilidusi nekipi ke Muisca. Numon tan inaf yolt tiyir sane ke eip nope sinafo eipxo koe Zipaquirá is Nemocón is Tausa. Dum Muzo vegungafe sane yoltkirafe gu sane ke smilk, Muisca saneik va smilk ke vo saveyed, dalon koe Somondoco. Beba koe varafa Muisca gola zo trasiyir ise ta burmes tey is warzera va eip is moavafa zikexa zo malsaveyer.

Orka

Abdi espanafa olgalicura, istak ke refa Kolombia koe Andes rodega gan Muisca sane ton drekiramafa abdigalda zo kereleyer. Yolt ke idjafa rictaga ke geeon Bacatá is lenteon Hunza tiyid Zipa is Zaque. Ar okilik tulon tiyid Iraca gertik ke Sugamuxi baerdaf wid ke Awalt, is Tundama. Ava ke Muisca tiyir Chibcha ava okon gu Muysccubun ( ava ke sane ).

Muisca sane voldum baroy ar seltay ke abdiespanafa Amerika ( Maya seltay isu Azteca isu Inca ) va raporafa kolnapa me vegeduyur. Inafa wida tiyid pinafa dem anamkaf kiray kum inta is kuritca aname istefa dolexoviga dem isteon okilafa mona. Vawa va wida gu sint is vegungaf cos kagluyayad. Dalaf vegungaf cos tiyid lenteon Guane sane isu Lache, is talteon Panche sane isu Muzo, is talteon Guayupe isu Achagua isu Tegua.

Muisca sane tiyir jonlorafe isen inafa alka isu vundopa vas inafo tuwavafo vo tikipiyid. Va kocopa salon grupeyer ise va birtafa taelafa is awaltafa jara al voneyer. Sedme bana jara, aptafa rekola ta faytawara is warolara is grustara va jora tiyid.

Sinafa yamba tir losposafa stabrega ke sinafa araya, kiren blixo is dopewa is aryona kruldeyese dre gan bonias espanik al zo vilayad. Muisca ankit is aryona moavaxa is nela kum tumbaga ok trocaday ok kilta dene Moavafa Tcila ke Bogotá tiyisa savsafu kelu ke vagexo ke Muisca patecta.

Muisca skapa

Nega ke espanaf olgalicusik nedid da skapa ke Muisca zo vonepeyer ise tiyir abdifipisa, omavasa gu yoni gedrafi zilidusi neki. Dalaf rigot ke inafa skapa tiyir vonera va tawetcafa midura koe azeka is bodaf krant ke Cundiboyacá azekexa. Okilik va warzera rontion me stujeyed kore slikaca pu sin zo walmuneyed. Joxara koe El Infiernito rawopaf debak va rawopafa wazdexa va rotidre moe skapafa amidaca al me dafud.

Seltafa birtuca is abdufisa ravalduga ke kona skapa jontikviele omavon gu tuaptara va yambafa warzera zo saber. Aptafa yamba va skapaf gunt is sugda ke seltafa targuca kapbure elicafa doda sotadler. Batcoba icde Muisca skapa al zo rietovar, voxen konaka kaaneyara koe ant vema ke Bogotá va dika tcilkasa wazdexa al trasid.

Tawamidura

Tawamidura tiyir dalafi zilidusi is tuumasi neki ke Muisca, tuke boduca ke sidek ke azekexa, tulon vemon ice Bogotá. Bata boduca vas uzdaf drilkaks ke Pleistova daneyer : Humboldt uzda tiyisa weti mon bar-kunda, is konakara savsafa uzda isu abdaxo. Ara izvafa ok abdiizvafa uzda koe ar krant ke azekexa tigiyid : Ubaté-Chiquinquirá krant is Iraca krant is Tenza krant. Viele uzda turodaweyed, pune va bodaf sidek iskeyed, i va sidek malsaveyan gan Muisca saneik ta midura va konaka ruxinda, tulon va irk is larga is xot is murey is werna. Boduca ke vema ke Bogotá gu drilkaks dem tculkguboy al zo tugodjayar. Ilt koe Somondoco is Subachoque zo miduyud. Lozolonaf saneliafor vas lokulafo tawaxo dalon koe vema ke Bogotá tikiyir.

Ravaldatason va dzalafa skapa, Muisca saneik va taya anduyud ise va midura kare konak lidawickaf vegem arapeniyid. Tawavopa ke gola va tira ke yona anamedafa vema noveyer, i ke vema tiskasa va miduxo koe bodafa azeka voxis katicefa taya moe meftavafa krimpa. Murey is werna ( Solanum tuberosum ) moe katicefa taya zo miduyud solve irk is mufa koe zakodxo isen taktiz is ksago is ola is kilta koe katitef krant dem lodidulafa lidawicka. Ostik Cucurbita maxima is Oxalis tuberosa is rizo is Ullucus tuberosus gan Muisca saneik zo miduyud. Slikaca ke tawamiduraf warzeks tiyir rodadina ta vindara koo jontiko dolexo tigiso koe varafo Muisca cosxo.

Valente Muisca cosxo koe Vélez is Surubá is Hunza, tawovopafa gedruca va midura va kilta is taktiz az botada noveyer. Arapeniwerapa ke yanka is muvara is andura mal Suárez kuksa iku Chicamocha iku Opón iku Carare va rotuvaf is gedraf skapabolk dafuyud. Andus narilt is ticef tawetc koe varafa gola zo vegeduyud, tulon koe Facatativá is Chocontá is Tocancipá is Tunja.

Zeitafa lidawicka ke lodomaf seg dum Tena krant va toloya warolara va irk tandeon noveyer, solve tanoya warolara koe lofedafa meila ke Bogotá vema sorotiyir.

Tcabanera is onara

Muisca va loote atela is kabay kan tcabanera is onara malseotayad. Jontika kuksa isu uzda ke azekexa va kulaf kabayaf tor dafuyud, i tulon Fúquene uzda isu Tota. Tcabanera is onara tiyif tegira ke Muisca ayikye solve ayikya va faytawara is layiara is epura va trocadayxa viunsuyud. Tukwara va bukol mali Herrera ugal moni -500 AGJ tozuweyer. Wazdexa koe Tequendama tulon zo kosmayad.

Kawafa tegira

Smilk kan kela suxayana poke sidopafa bada zo divokseyer. Larde smilk ke Somondoco koe fultey pist tigiyir, pune koe lird bak muvugal zo tcateyer.

Muisca cosxo vas kulaf is gedraf kawaf rob ruldayar. Eip koe dalon Zipaquirá is Nemocón is Tausa is dilon Sesquilé is Gámeza is Guachetá zo divokseyer. Smilk koe Somondoco is Coscuez is Ubalá zo saveyer. Savera va beba koe Sugamuxi is Tópaga is Gámeza zo askiyir. Savera va lut koe Gachantivá is Moniquirá is Sumapaz zo askuteyer. Moavaxo is dilgavaxo koe Muisca cosxo tiyid riafo numen moava is dilgava kan kazara dalon zo seotayad.

Divoksera va smilk kan coa intaviza zo askiyir. Dodelik bak muvugal va fe poke pist koegiskiyis vas smilk suxayad numazen smilk ke fulteyaf pist ko turodaweyese fe zo doliziyid. Smilk ke litca koe spurnadelaf pist kan uulafa viza zo divokseyed.

Beba tiyir gubef rob koe Muisca cosxo ise koe Bogotá sidom is Guaduas sidom dalon tigiyir. Savesa diotera tiyir nuxafa gu tela ta smilk kan uulafa intaviza.

Warzera

Valey tawamidura is kawafa savera, warzera tiyir zolonafa skapafa tegira koe Muisca cos. Taneugot ta warzera va moavaxa is tumbaga nela is kiltaxa is trocadayxa do patectolaf vegungaf cos zo vindayad oke koe Muisca abdigalda zo divokseyed, tulon kuritca ke jontika voa ke azekexa.

Trocadayxa

Muisca cosik tiyid katcalaf gu warzera va trocadayxa isen lok ke warzera mone kuksa is uzda tigiyir. Vema ke Fúquene uzda tiyir nelkaxo ke trocadayafa warzera, tulon koe Ráquira is Tinjacá. Espanik va irubasik ke bata gola gu Trocaday Sane yoltayad. Aro zolonafo warzexo va kuritca is trocaday tiyid Soacha is Cogua is Guatavita is Gachancipá is Tocancipá koe vema ke Bogotá, is Tutazá, Ráquira is Sutamarchán is Guasca is Suesca valente azekafa azekexa. Warzera va tawoldaxa tiyir lag ke ayikya, tulon warzera va ayikkoraf trig is vim is bilaga is ordafa ekeda yoltkirafa gu múcura is milka is furutsapa ta divoksera va eip is balemprezgafa ok tevprezgafa rumela. Furutsa gu ksevayan tumartigayan lingeks va perak ok salmey zo zikeyed.

Moavanyofara

Muisca cosik tiyid sposaf gu moavanyofara. Loa izvafa nela koe tamava tid kum moava ok tumbaga, i kum lutaf is moavaf is dilgavaf vangluyaks. Moava wetce taneugot me tiyir gubefa koe Muisca cosxo nume kan kazara zo seotayar. Dalafo nyofaxo tiyir Guatavita poke baerdafa uzda. Moavaxatum kum bat tciamaf yantot zo nyofar : sona is pezmaserk is astak is oblakak is amoto is tunjo olkotca ( ayakoraf ok sulemkoraf talolkam ) is orilna is woz is tejuelo talolk is xeka

Warzeteson va muka, korik va vuka is tilerda is cade zanieyed. Buneteson va galpena vola, tumbaga vangluyaks ko raporafa cupa tuidulana is koplena gu blatafa sebeka zo gimayar. Idul va sebeka jeyer numaze va ikaaykasa moava iskeyer. Rotuvafe ckane va martigapana vola warzeyed.

Layera

Layera gan ayikya zo epuyur ise va kilta faveyer, i va kilta miduna koe lodidulafo lidawickaxo az vindana ika eip ok trocadayxa. Jepkeda kum inta is kuritcafa krafolma ta layera va lay is tronkayana ok webokayana lioza zo zanieyed. Dona kum kilta dere zo epuyud. Veel tiyid kum moava ok niskada. Lay ebelton ok keron zo lingeyed, ok ton aryona kseva kan kuritcafa krafolma ik ogalt. Muisca ayikya va kadulukada ik rolma ik kolveda ik aryona tuwavafa sida wetce kseva faveyed.

Kaza

Juan de Castellanos taneaf ugaldik stragayar da Muisca cosik tiyir kazik lodam gejik. Kazara vas eip is kiltafi tayimi is gijafa lioza is trocadayxa tikiyir ise vindayar. Dere moavaf azekol wetce talolk zo faveyed. Bata tejuelo muka tiyid anamkafa limega dem xakola vas 1 ok 4 ok 5 cm-. Lana koe Guayatá is Tenza krant al zo katrasid. Bat talbolk kan talolk tiyir tanaf dene patectolafe sane ke Geefa Amerika.

Balemkeon dolexo koe Bacatá is Hunza is Zipaquirá is Turmequé dilizeyed. Aro kazaso xopo tiyid Chocontá is Pacho is Tocancipá is Funza is Somondoco. Sedme Pedro Simón, Muisca cosik va dolexo anyustkeon grustayad. Sorocotá kene Suárez kuksa tiyir zolonafa kazafa widava ta kazara va Guane sane lize moava ke Girón is vema ke Carare kuksa ika smilk ke Somondoco zo moorteyer.

Kazara va sane ne azeka ke gola ke Orinoco moo kazafa vawa reme ronefa rodega zo sopuyur. Remlanira va kuksa kan wazdel zo askiyir. Warzeks dum yopo is blatafa sebeka isu kolt is kilta is kabay is ilt do sane ke azeka dum Guayupe is Achagua is Tegua zo vindayad. Dere tciamafa ksevafa bruxa ke divepatectafi zveri malsaveni ta sona ke Muisca zolonik do azekik zo moorteyed. Bantan va sulemafa almaxa dum tukrunol ta edji ke okilik dere tiskayad.

Kilta zolonafa ta layera va lioza adrafa moe fentackafa azekexa tiyir male lentefa gola isu ronefa. Lentefo kazaxo koe Sugamuxi is Tundama tigiyid solve ronefa kazara koe dolexo ke Teusacá is Chocontá is Suesca zo sopuyur. Kazara va mufa lenteon tiyir, aname Motavita is Chitagoto voxis Soatá. Dolekik ke Paipa va 80 km- mal widava kal Soatá exuleyed lize va mufa lusteyed. Azon moe dolexo ke Tunja arte geon 100 km- gin doleyed.

Ba lanyona rekola kare Muisca jara, sanelia va lozolonafo dolexo bal joracek grustayad edje sumuik va intyon warzeks vindayad. Tana zolonafa jora kene Magdalena bost vatalte Muisca cosxo jowon ice Panche cosxo isu Muzo gidilizeyer. Banlize moava is bwilt dum starpe is guayaba, is utsarka is gurdeke is aryona gurdeinda ika lioza ik smilk ik eip zo moorteyed. Aryono jorafo dolexopo koe Coyaima kene Saldaña kuksa is poke Neiva koe Pijao cosxo zo grustayad.

Boniarugal

**Encomendero** espanik fikes va patectolik.

Kadimi artlakira ke espanik, bolk ke encomienda felira koe Warzafo Gazaxo ke Granada ( refa Kolombia ) zo inkeyer, i bolk askis da Muisca okilik va culiek pu espanik ba kotu tandacku gonododeyed. Skapa abdion mivvexafa gu noalafa tawamidura isu kawodafa savera nekisa va betara va Muisca patectoy isu araya kalion zo artazukayar. Mivirubik moe miduxo is koe kawoda mu espanik gonokobayad isen valey Muisca kobasikeem levetirik mal Afrika zo kobureyed. Europaf boniasik va Muisca skapa malsaveyed lize moava ika kilta ik eip ik smilk ik lioza ik aryon warzeks zo vindayar enide va quinta real grastu omavanu gu moava me dodeyed. Taneaf boniasik va dodera va moavaf culiek pu Muisca okilik imaxuyud, voxen direfa verkara ton vindan warzeks zo sopuyud aze gu moava koe Pamplona ok Mariquita zo betayeyed. Bak 1558 arti tol-sanda radimi cenera ke espanaf olgalicusik va Muisca, lana twa maneyena pu espanafa sona razdar da loon 11000 peso talolk nope kazabolk tandeon zo graciyid, i nope bolk ton gedraf warzeks vols moava.

Witugal

Ref arak ke Muisca skapa tid jontiko dolexo koe varafa idja ke Kolombia, is savera va smilk ( Kolombia tir taneafa patecta warzesa va tciamaf kusaf smilk ), is epura va lay is trocadayxa. Warzeks ke Muisca skapa koe sposafa Tcila ke Moava koe Bogotá is rawopafa tcila koe Sogamoso is aryona lopinafa tcila koe azekexa zo wonad.

Vuestexa

(en) Argüello García, Pedro María. 2015. Subsistence economy and chiefdom emergence in the Muisca area. A study of the Valle de Tena (PhD), 1–193. University of Pittsburgh.
(en) Correal Urrego, Gonzalo. 1990. Aguazuque: Evidence of hunter-gatherers and growers on the high plains of the Eastern Ranges, 1-316. Banco de la República: Fundación de Investigaciones Arqueológicas Nacionales.
(es) Daza, Blanca Ysabel. 2013. Historia del proceso de mestizaje alimentario entre Colombia y España, 1-494. Universitat de Barcelona.
(es) Francis, John Michael. 1993. "Muchas hipas, no minas" The Muiscas, a merchant society: Spanish misconceptions and demographic change (M.A.), 1-118. University of Alberta.
(es) Gamboa Mendoza, Jorge. 2016. Los muiscas, grupos indígenas del Nuevo Reino de Granada. Una nueva propuesta sobre su organizacíon socio-política y su evolucíon en el siglo XVI. Museo del Oro.
(en) Kruschek, Michael H. 2003. The evolution of the Bogotá chiefdom: A household view (PhD), 1-271. University of Pittsburgh.
(es) Langebaek Rueda, Carl Henrik. 2005. Fiestas y caciques muiscas en el Infiernito, Colombia: un análisis de la relación entre festejos y organización política. Boletín de Arqueología 9. 281–295.
(es) Martínez Martín, A. F., E. J. Manrique Corredor. 2014. Alimentación prehispánica y transformaciones tras la conquista europea del altiplano cundiboyacense, Colombia. Revista Virtual Universidad Católica del Norte 41. 96–111.
(es) Ocampo López, Javier. 2007. Grandes culturas indígenas de América, 1–238. Plaza & Janes Editores Colombia S.A..
(es) Restrepo Manrique, Cecilia. 2009. La alimentación en la vida cotidiana del Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario: 1653-1773 & 1776-1900, 1–352. Ministerio de la Cultura.
(es) Segura Calderón, Adriana María. 2014. Reconstrucción de la memoria histórica del territorio muisca de Cota (M.A.), 1-146. Universidad Pedagógica Nacional.

	Muisca : sane ke Kolombia is savsaf abdiespanaf seltay
Seltay	Tawamidura • Vegeduropa • Yamba • Kocopa • Burmotaropa • Skapa • Inseik • Lexa • Ava • Vundopa • Alka • Geja
Debak	Fúquene • Guatavita • Iguaque • Suesca • Tota • Tequendama stoya
Izva	Muisca abdigalda • Savsaf bowesik • Pasca meld • Chocontá meld • Tocarema meld • Espanafa olgalicura
Nafalik	Zipazgo : Meicuchuca • Saguamanchica • Nemequene • Tisquesusa • Zaquesazipa Zacazgo : Hunzahúa • Michuá • Quemuenchatocha • Aquiminzaque
Lorik	Chiminigagua • Bachué • Chía • Sué • Bochica • Huitaca • Chibchacum • Cuchavira • Nencatacoa • Chaquén • Chibafruime • Guahaioque